• PPD screening

    Understanding the Heterogeneity of Perinatal Depression

    Most studies evaluating the prevalence of perinatal depression are cross-sectional, meaning that depressive symptoms are measured at a single point in time.  Less information is available regarding the trajectory of perinatal depression.  In obstetric populations, it seems that there are women with briefer episodes of milder postpartum depressive symptoms, while others have more persistent and debilitating depressive symptoms after childbirth.  Other women experience depression during pregnancy.  Several studies suggest that there is considerable heterogeneity among women who experience depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

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