A large cohort study from Canada has observed that cannabis use during pregnancy was associated with increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight and small-for-gestational age.
Treatment with buprenorphine versus methadone during pregnancy is associated with lower risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, small size for gestational age, and NAS.
Opioid use during pregnancy co-occurs with other variables that are associated with worse outcomes in children, specifically maternal depression and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.
More infants who were exposed to strong agonists and opioids with long half-lives, including methadone, developed neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.
Prenatal cannabis exposure was associated with persisting vulnerability to psychopathology throughout early adolescence.
Prenatal opioid use is associated with increased maternal and infant mortality, prematurity, and poor neonatal outcomes.
Cannabis use, as well as use of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotic medications, was more common in women with depression.
It is essential that clinicians, as well as those working in dispensaries, must educate women about the risks associated with cannabis use during pregnancy.
Several recent studies have examined patterns of opioid use in women receiving opioid prescriptions for pain management after delivery.
Our information on the use of medications for smoking cessation in nursing mothers is limited.
